This course examines the legal framework empowering the Central Government to prohibit or restrict the import and export of goods under Section 11 of the Customs Act 1962, along with the supplementary provisions in Sections 11A through 11N dealing with specific categories such as notified goods, special provisions for fraudulently availed export incentives, and proper officer functions in prohibition cases. The course draws a clear line between "prohibited goods" as defined under Section 2(33) and the operative power to prohibit under Section 11, explaining the wide range of purposes listed in Section 11(2) — from maintaining security of India, public order, and standards, to prevention of smuggling and protection of foreign exchange reserves. A significant portion is devoted to the distinction between absolute prohibition and conditional prohibition (where import/export is permitted only against a licence, permit, or other authorization), since CBLE frequently tests whether goods imported in violation of a licensing condition are "prohibited goods" for purposes of confiscation under Section 111/113. The course also maps how prohibitions under allied legislation — FTDR Act 1992, Foreign Trade Policy, NDPS Act, Arms Act, Wildlife Protection Act, and others — get incorporated into customs enforcement through Section 11, since this cross-referencing is a recurring examiner technique. Real adjudication and case-pattern scenarios are used to illustrate how prohibition findings affect confiscation, penalty, and clearance outcomes.